1. Propaganda! Animal Farm
2. Definition
- Propaganda techniques are the methods used to spread ideas that further a cause (political, commercial, religious, or civil cause)
- Appeals to emotion, not intellect.
3. Why Used?
- To manipulate viewers’ reason and emotions
- To persuade you to believe in something or someone
- Buy an item
- Vote a certain way.
- Twist or distort the truth
4. Types of Propaganda
- Name Calling
- General Terms
- Transfer
- Fine Print
- Testimonial
- Plain Folks
- Card Stacking
- Bandwagon
- Either/or fallacy
- Appeal to emotion
- Ad nauseum
5. Ad Hominem (Name Calling)
- Attacking the person not the idea
- To avoid supporting their own opinion, people will try and tear somebody down as a means of propaganda.
6. Glittering Generalities
- Words that have an unclear meaning – they sound great but nobody is sure of what they mean
- Good
- Honest
- Fair
- Best
- Napoleon says “adjustment” instead of the term “reduction” to the animals’ food supplies
7. Transfer
- A talented person endorses product as related to talent.
- An American Flag used as a back drop for political event makes it seem patriotic to support it.
8. Testimonial
- A famous person says that he or she likes or uses it.
- Ask yourself:
- How much so they really know about it?
- What do they gain from promoting it?
9. Plain Folks
- Ordinary people say they like it or support it.
- Technique uses a folksy approach to convince people to support it.
10. Card Stacking (Omission)
- ½ truth – key words may be omitted to slant the message.
- Unfavorable stats may not be communicated
- A company doesn’t need to tell the whole truth
11. Bandwagon
- Because everyone else is doing it, you should too or you’ll be left out!
- All the cool kids are doing it.
12. Either/or Fallacy
- Black-and-white thinking; only two choice presented.
- You’re either for it or against it!
- No shades of gray presented
13. Fine Print
- Positive information in bold print; negative information in small print.
- Spalloneicillan
- 9 out of ten doctors recommend it!
- may cause temporary loss of hearing and eyesight.
14. Appeal to Emotion
- Stirs up strong feelings (positive or negative) rather than giving logical reasoning.
- Fear
- Guilt
- Hate
- Independence
15. Ad Nauseum
- Repetition of a slogan
- I’m lovin’ it.
16. Propaganda in Animal Farm
- Old Major’s Speech (pg. 27-34)
- Mystery of the Milk
- Apples for the pigs
- Military decorations
- Debate over the windmill
- Squealer – justifying Napoleon’s takeover of the farm.
- Squealer – The windmill was Napoleon’s idea all along.
- Four legs good, two legs bad.
- Animal Farm trading with humans
- Pigs moving into farmhouse.
- Making Snowball the scapegoat
- No more “Beasts of England”
- Napoleon giving himself a medal
- Boxer being taken by the knacker
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